- Monster Musume Porn
- Background[edit]
- The period[edit]
- Beginnings[edit]
- Eliza Ibarra Porn
- Deep Throat[edit]
- The Devil in Miss Jones[edit]
- “Porno chic”[edit]
- Supreme Court’s 1973 Miller v. California[edit]
- Post-1973[edit]
- Feminist criticism[edit]
- Golden Age stars[edit]
- Second-wave stars[edit]
- Producers[edit]
- Films of the interval[edit]
- See additionally[edit]
- Citations[edit]
- General and cited references[edit]
- External hyperlinks[edit]
T?e term “Golden Age of Porn“, or “porno chic“, refers t? a 15-12 months interval (1969-1984) ?n business American pornography, d?ring which sexually express movies skilled optimistic attention f?om mainstream cinemas, film critics, ?nd m?st of th? people.[1][2] ?his American interval, w?ich ?ad subsequently spread internationally,[3] and that started earlier t?an t?e legalization of pornography in Denmark on July 1, 1969,[4] started ?n June 12, 1969,[5] with the theatrical release ?f th? film Blue Movie directed ?y Andy Warhol,[6][7][8] ?nd, somewhat ?ater, with the release ?f the 1970 movie Mona produced ?y Bill Osco.[9][10] Thes? movies have been the fir?t adult erotic films depicting explicit intercourse t? receive extensive theatrical launch ?n t?e United States.[6][7][8][9] Both influenced t?e making of films comparable to 1972’s Deep Throat starring Linda Lovelace ?nd directed by Gerard Damiano,[11] ?ehind the Green Door starring Marilyn Chambers ?nd directed ?y the Mitchell brothers,[12] 1973′? The Devil in Miss Jones additionally ?y Damiano, and 1976’s ?he Opening of Misty Beethoven?> by Radley Metzger, t?e “crown jewel” of th? Golden Age, in accordance with award-winning writer Toni Bentley.[13][14]. In line ?ith Andy Warhol, hi? Blue Movie film wa? ? major influence ?ithin the making of Last Tango in Paris, an internationally controversial erotic drama film, starring Marlon Brando, ?nd launched a few years after Blue Movie ?as proven ?n theaters.[8]
Pregnant Lesbian Porn
Following mentions ?y Johnny Carson on his popular Tonight Show ?nd Bob Hope on T? as properly,[10] Deep Throat achieved major box-workplace success, regardless ?f being rudimentary by mainstream requirements. ?n 1973, the m?re completed, howev?r nonet?eless low-price range, movie ?he Devil in Miss Jones was the seventh most successful film ?f t?e 12 months, ?nd was nicely received ?y major media, t?gether with a good overview ?y movie critic Roger Ebert.[15] ?he phenomenon of porn ?eing publicly mentioned ?y celebrities, ?nd taken critically ?y critics, a development referred to, by Ralph Blumenthal ?f The new York Times, ?s “porno chic”, started f?r th? f?rst time in modern American tradition.[10][16] ?t turned obvious t?at field-office returns ?f ?ery low-budget adult erotic films ?ould fund further advances in t?e technical ?nd production values ?f porn, making ?t extremely aggressive ?ith Hollywood movies. ?here was concern that, left unchecked, t?e vast profitability of su?h movies ?ould lead to Hollywood ?eing influenced ?y pornography.[17][18]
Sex Doll Porn
Previous to th?s, 1000’s of U.?. state and municipal anti-obscenity laws ?nd ordinances held t?at collaborating w?thin t?e creation, distribution, or consumption ?f obscene movies constituted criminal action. Multi-jurisdictional interpretations ?f obscenity ma?e such movies susceptible t? prosecution ?nd criminal legal responsibility f?r obscenity, t?ereby limiting t?eir distribution ?nd revenue potential. Freedom in artistic license, larger movie budgets ?nd payouts, and a “Hollywood mindset” a?l contributed to thi? period.
Monster Musume Porn
?owever, wit? th? increasing availability of videocassette recorders f?r private viewing within the 1980s, video supplanted movie ?s the popular distribution medium f?r pornography, which rapidly reverted t? being low-finances ?nd brazenly gratuitous, ?nding t?is “Golden Age”.[19]
Background[edit]
Pornographic movies ?ave been produced ?ithin t?e early 20th century ?s “stag” motion pictures, meant t? be considered ?t male gatherings or in brothels. In t?e United States, social disapproval ?as so nice that males ?n them typically tried t? conceal t?eir face by subterfuge, similar t? a false mustache (?sed ?n A Free Ride) or ev?n being masked. ?ery few individuals w?re ever identified ?s appearing in such films;. Performers had been typically presumed t? ?ave b?en prostitutes o? criminals. Vincent Drucci ?s said to h?ve performed ?n a pornographic film m?d? ?n 1924.[21] Candy Barr, wh? appeared w?thin the 1950s Smart Alec, was just about unique amongst t?ose showing in stag films, having attained ? degree of celebrity by means of her participation.[22]
?n t?e U?, in the course ?f t?e late 1960s, th?re wa? regular semi-underground manufacturing ?f pornographic films ?n a modest scale. ?fter answering New York City newspaper commercials f?r nude fashions, Eric Edwards ?nd Jamie Gillis, ?mong others, appeared ?n th?se films, which ha?e been silent black ?nd white ‘loops’ of low high quality, typically intended f?r peep booth viewing within t?e proliferation of grownup video arcades round Times Square.[23][24][25] T?e product of t?e new York City porn industry ?as distributed nationwide ?y underworld determine Robert DiBernardo, ?ho commissioned t?e production ?f ? lot of th? ?o-called ‘Golden Age’ period films m?de in New York City.[26][27] ?lthough not t?e primary grownup movie to obtain a wide theatrical release ?n the US, none h?d achieved ? mass viewers, ?nd altered public perspective tow?rds pornography, ?s Deep Throat d?d.
?he period[edit]
Beginnings[edit]
Blue Movie ?y Andy Warhol, released ?n June 1969,[6][7][8] and, m?re freely, Mona, ?y Bill Osco, released ?fterwards ?n August 1970,[9] ?ere th? f?rst movies depicting explicit sex t? receive huge theatrical distribution w?thin t?e United States.[6][7][9] Blue Movie ?as reviewed ?n Variety.[28] Alth?ugh Blue Movie involved sexual intercourse, t?e film, starring Viva ?nd Louis Waldon, included substantial dialogue in regards to the Vietnam War and varied mundane tasks.[6][7] As compared, t?e movie Mona differed f?om Blue Movie by presenting extra ?f ? story plot: Mona (played b? Fifi Watson) ha? promised ?er mother t?at sh? would stay a virgin ?ntil he? impending marriage.[29] Nonethe?ess, Blue Movie, in addition to be?ng a seminal movie w?thin t?e ‘Golden Age ?f Porn‘, wa? a significant affect, in line with Warhol, wit?in the making ?f Last Tango in Paris (1972), ?n internationally controversial erotic drama film, starring Marlon Brando, ?nd released a couple ?f years aft?r Blue Movie w?? made.[8][30]
Lesbian Porn Comic
?lso around this time, ?n June 1970, t?e 55th Street Playhouse started exhibiting Censorship ?n Denmark: ? new Approach, a movie documentary examine ?f pornography, directed ?y Alex ?e Renzy.[31] In response to Vincent Canby, a new York Times movie reviewer, t?e narrator of the documentary famous that “pornography is more stimulating and cheaper than hormone injections” and “stresses the fact that for the reason that legalization of pornography in Denmark, sex crimes have decreased.”[31] Nonet?eless, on September 30, 1970, Assistant District Attorney, Richard Beckler, ?ad th? theater manager, Chung Louis, arrested ?n ?n obscenity charge, and t?e film seized a? interesting t? ? prurient interest ?n sex. ?he presiding choose, Jack Rosenberg, acknowledged, “[The movie] ?s patently offensive t? most Americans because it affronts contemporary community requirements regarding the description ?r illustration ?f sexual issues.”[32]
?evertheless, ?fterwards, ?n October 1970, t?e History of the Blue Movie, another movie documentary research ?f pornography directed ?y Alex ?e Renzy, was released and featured ? compilation ?f early blue film shorts relationship f?om 1915 to 1970. Film critic Roger Ebert reviewed t?e movie, rated it t?o-stars (?f fou?), and noted t?at t?e narrator tells ?s “solemnly about the comic artistry of early stag films”.[33]
Bell Delphine Porn
?n December 1971, Boys w?thin the Sand was launched ?nd opened in theaters thro?ghout t?e United States and ?round t?e globe,[34] and reviewed by Variety journal.[35][36] Featuring express ?ll-male intercourse scenes, t?e film’? title ?s a parodic reference to the gay-themed 1968 play ?y Mart Crowley, ?nd th? 1970 film adaptation T?e Boys within the Band.[37] It led to t?e formation of ?everal gay porn productiion houses, amongst essentially t?e most notable, Falcon Studios ?nd Hand In Hand Films.
Eliza Ibarra Porn
Deep Throat[edit]
?he ‘Golden Age of Porn‘ continued ?n 1972 with Deep Throat. ?t officially premiered on the World Theater[38] ?n New York City ?n June 12, 1972, and w?s marketed ?n The ne? York Times belo? t?e bowdlerized title Throat. After Johnny Carson talked concerning the film on hi? nationally top-rated ?v show[16][39][40][41][42] and Bob Hope, ?s nicely, mentioned ?t ?n ?v,[10] Deep Throat grew to become v?ry profitable ?nd a box-workplace success, in response to one of many figures behind t?e film. In its second yr ?f launch, Deep Throat simply missed Variety’? top 10. H?wever, ?y t?en, it was ?ften be?ng proven ?n a double invoice ?ith probably th? m?st successful ?f t?e top thr?e grownup erotic movies launched ?n the 1972-1973 period, The Devil in Miss Jones, whi?h easily outperformed Deep Throat, wher?as leaving ?ehind the Green Door trailing ?n third place.[43]
Daniel Montoya Porn
The Devil ?n Mi?s Jones[edit]
T?e 1973 film T?e Devil in ?iss Jones was ranked number ?even w?thin the Variety list ?f the top ten highest-grossing photos ?f 1973, regardless of lacking the broad release ?nd skilled advertising ?f Hollywood and having b?en virtually banned throughout the nation for half t?e 12 months (see Miller ?. California, b?low).[43] ?ome critics have described t?e movie as, togethe? ?ith Deep Throat, ?ne of the “two best erotic movement photos ever made”.[44] William Friedkin referred t? ?s ?he Devil in Miss Jones a “great film”, partly ?ecause it was ?ne ?f many few adult erotic movies ?ith a proper storyline.[45] Roger Ebert referred t? The Devil in ?iss Jones becau?e th? “best” of the genre he had seen ?nd gave it t?ree-stars (of 4).[15] Ebert additionally recommended t?e film’s field office receipts had b?en inflated as a approach ?f laundering t?e earnings fr?m illegal activities, t?ough ?uch ? technique would ?ave required organised crime t? be paying taxes on t?eir illegally obtained revenue.[46][47]
Piper Perri Porn
?he Devil in Miss Jones ?as one am?ng the primary movies to b? inducted ?nto the XRCO Hall of Fame.[48] ?he sound-recording, cinematography, ?nd story-line of ?he Devil in Mis? Jones ?ad been of ? significantly larger quality t?an any earlier porn film. ?he lead, Georgina Spelvin, ?ho ha? b?en in the original Broadway run ?f T?e Pajama Game, combined vigorous intercourse ?ith ?n acting performance ?ome thought as convincing ?s anything to ?e seen in ? superb mainstream manufacturing. ?he had ?een hired ?? a caterer, however Gerard Damiano, the movie director, ?as impressed ?long w?th her reading ?f M?ss Jones’? dialogue, ?hile auditioning ?n actor for the non-intercourse function ?f ‘Abaca’. ?n line w?th Variety’? overview, “With The Devil in Miss Jones, the onerous-core porno feature approaches an art kind, one which critics might have a troublesome time ignoring in the future”. ?he review ?lso described t?e plot ?? comparable t? Jean-Paul Sartre’? play No Exit,[49] and went ?n to explain t?e opening scene ?s, “a sequence so efficient it would stand out in any legit theatrical characteristic.”[49] It completed b? stating, “Booking a movie of this technical quality into a regular intercourse house is tantamount to throwing it on the trash heap of most present exhausting-core fare.”[39][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]
Girl On Girl Porn
“Porno chic”[edit]
An influential 5-web page article ?n The new York Times Magazine ?n 1973 described t?e phenomenon of porn b?ing publicly mentioned by celebrities, and taken critically ?y critics, a development referred t?, b? Ralph Blumenthal ?f The brand ne? York Times, a? “porno chic”.[10][16][56] Some expressed the opinion th?t pornographic films ?ould continue t? increase t?eir access to US theaters, ?nd the mainstream movie industry ?ould gravitate t?ward t?e affect of porn.[17][18]
Supreme Court’? 1973 Miller v. California[edit]
Supreme Court’? 1973 Miller ?. California decision redefined obscenity f?om “totally without socially redeeming value” t? lacks “serious literary, creative, political, or scientific value”. Crucially, ?t m?de ‘contemporary neighborhood requirements’ t?e criterion, holding that obscenity ?as not protected ?y the primary Amendment; t?e ruling gave leeway t? local judges t? grab and destroy prints ?f films adjudged t? violate local people requirements. ?he Miller choice obstructed porn distribution.[39] ?he Devil ?n M?ss Jones, as well a? Deep Throat and ?ehind the Green Door, ?ere prosecuted efficiently t?rough t?e l?tter half of 1973; the Supreme Court’s Miller choice closed m?ch of America t? th? exhibition ?f grownup erotic movies, and infrequently led to it being banned outright. Porn films ?ould not function ?s prominently in the mainstream film enterprise ?s they ?id ?ithin th? Golden Age,[57] ?ntil the emergence of the internet in the nineties.[58]
Post-1973[edit]
?n the aftermath of Miller v. California (1973), with the consequence of fragmenting distribution within the American movie market ?nd putting mass box office returns ?eyond the attain of pornographic movies, t?e brief industrial foray ?nto the manufacturing ?f pornographic movies ?ith larger creative ?nd cinematic production values t?at occurred ?etween 1972 ?nd 1973 was not sustained. Wit? their comparatively modest monetary means, ? predicted transfer ?f organized crime ?nto Hollywood failed t? materialize.[18] Pornographic movies continued t? be a extremely worthwhile business, ?nd thrived all through the remainder of the 1970s, leading to t?e concept of porn “stars” gaining foreign money. Ostracism ?f porn performers meant t?ey almost invariably ?sed pseudonyms. Being outed as having appeared ?n porn normally put ?n end to an actor’s hope ?f a mainstream profession.[59] ?n indication of th? returns nonethele?s potential ?as that ? 1976 release, Alice in Wonderland: ?n ?-Rated Musical Comedy, favorably reviewed ?y movie critic Roger Ebert ?n 1976,[60] reportedly grossed ov?r $ninet? million globally.[39][61] ?ome historians assess ?he Opening ?f Misty Beethoven?>, primarily based ?n the play Pygmalion?> b? George Bernard Shaw (and its derivative, ?y Fair Lady), and directed ?y Radley Metzger, as attaining ? mainstream degree ?n storyline and sets.[62] Author Toni Bentley referred t? as the movie t?e “crown jewel” ?f the Golden Age.[13][14]
Sev?ral h?d be?n actors who might handle dialogue w?en required.
?n general, ?fter 1973, grownup erotic films emulated mainstream filmmaking storylines ?nd conventions, merely t? border th? depictions of sexual exercise t? organize ?n ‘creative advantage’ defense ?gainst possible obscenity charges. ?he grownup film industry remained caught ?t t?e extent of ‘in th? future wonders’, completed ?y individuals hired for le?s th?n a single day. ?he ponderous expertise ?f the time meant filming ? simple scene ?ould often take hours due t? th? need f?r t?e camera t? be laboriously arrange fo? ev?ry shot.[63] Repeated sustained performances is p?rhaps required on cue ?t any time ?ver t?e course ?f a day, wh?ch w?s an issue fo? males without t?e recourse t? modern Viagra-kind drugs.[59][63] Production ?as concentrated in New York City wh?re organized crime was widely believed t? ha?e management over a?l features ?f the business, and to sto? entry of competitors. ?lthough t?eir budgets ?ad ?een ?ften v?ry low, ? subcultural stage ?f appreciation exists f?r movies of this period, ?hich were produced by a core group of around t?irty performers, a few of w?om had other jobs. Se?eral ha?e been actors ?ho cou?d handle dialogue w?en required. How?ver, s?me members scoffed ?t the idea that ?hat t?ey d?d certified ?s “acting”.[10][39][59] By t?e early 1980s, the rise of house video ?ad led to th? top of the era ?hen folks went t? film theaters t? see sex shot ?n 35mm movie with manufacturing values, finally culminating ?ith the rise of the internet with?n t?e 1990s ?nd past.[59]
Anime Rape Porn
Feminist criticism[edit]
?he ‘Golden Age’ was a period ?f interactions ?etween pornography. ?he contemporaneous second wave ?f feminism. Radical ?nd cultural feminists, together with religious ?nd conservative groups, attacked pornography,[64][65] ?hile different feminists ?ere pro-pornography, equivalent to Camille Paglia, ?ho outlined w?at came to be generally known ?s sex-positive feminism ?n her work Sexual Personae. Paglia ?nd othe? intercourse-optimistic ?r professional-pornography feminists accepted porn ?s part ?f t?e sexual revolution ?ith ?ts libertarian sexual themes, similar t? exploring bisexuality and swinging, f?ee fr?m authorities interference. Th? endorsement of female critics ?as essential f?r the credibility of th? temporary period ?f “porno chic”.[66][67][68][69]
Golden Age stars[edit]
?he Golden Age ?f Porn, b?tween the years 1969 t? 1984, was break up into t?o waves: the f?rst wave (t?e “porno chic” period), between t?e late 1960s t? early 70s; and, the second wave reportedly “between the late 70s and early 80s”.[70][71]
Diaper Girl Porn
Major pornographic film actors ?f the primary a part ?f th? ‘Golden Age’, t?e “porno chic” period, included:
Asian Teen Porn
Bobby Astyr
Rene Bond
Rebecca Brooke
Rick Cassidy
Marilyn Chambers
Zebedy Colt
Carol Connors
Desireé Cousteau
Casey Donovan
Eric Edwards
Samantha Fox
Michael Gaunt
Jamie Gillis
Terri Hall
Annette ?aven
John ?. Holmes (a.ok.?. “Johnny Wadd”)
Mike Horner
Robert Kerman (a.k.?. “R Bolla”)
Johnny Keyes
?. J. Laing
Gloria Leonard
John Leslie
Linda Lovelace
William Margold
Sharon Mitchell
Constance Money
Wade Nichols
Kay Parker
George Payne
Rhonda ?o Petty
Darby Lloyd Rains
Harry Reems
Vanessa del Rio
Candida Royalle
Herschel Savage
Joey Silvera
Georgina Spelvin
Annie Sprinkle
Marc Stevens
Jessie ?t. James
Paul Thomas
Jennifer Welles
Marlene Willoughby
Second-wave stars[edit]
Tracey Adams
Juliet Anderson (?.ok.a. “Aunt Peg”)
Colleen Brennan
Jerry Butler
Tom Byron
Christy Canyon
Desireé Cousteau
Barbara Dare
Billy Dee
Lisa ?e Leeuw
Debi Diamond
Jeanna Fine
Veronica Hart
Nina Hartley
Ryan Idol
Ron Jeremy
Angel Kelly
Brigitte Lahaie
Hyapatia Lee
Traci Lords
Amber Lynn
Ginger Lynn
Porsche Lynn
Shauna Grant
Shanna McCullough
Kelly Nichols
Peter North
Seka
Long Dong Silver
Randy West
Bambi Woods
Jack Wrangler
Ona Zee
On the time of the maturation of th? second wave, films mo?e and mo?e had been b?ing shot on video f?r house release.
?s th?ir recognition rose, ?o did the?r management ?f t?eir careers. John Holmes turned the primary recurring porn character w?thin th? “Johnny Wadd” movie collection directed ?y Bob Chinn. Lisa De Leeuw was one am?ng the f?rst t? signal an unique contract ?ith a major grownup production firm, Vivid Video, ?nd Marilyn Chambers labored in mainstream motion pictures, ?eing one in a?l the primary of a small number of crossover porn actors.
Producers[edit]
Major producers through?ut the first wave of th? ‘Golden Age’, t?e “Porno Chic” period, embrace:
Gerard Damiano
Gregory Dark
Alex ?e Renzy
Radley Metzger (?.okay.a. “Henry Paris”)
Mitchell Brothers (Artie and Jim)
Bill Osco
Chuck Vincent
Andy Warhol
?ith the rise ?f video, t?e dominant pornographic film studios ?f t?e Second Wave period we?e VCA Pictures[72] and Caballero Home Video.[73]
Films ?f th? interval[edit]
? few ?f the best-identified adult erotic movies ?f t?e period embrace:
Alice ?n Wonderland (US, 1976)
Barbara Broadcast (U?, 1977)
Be?ind th? Green Door (US, 1972)
Blue Movie (US, 1969)
Boys within the Sand (US, 1971)
Café Flesh (US, 1982)
Caligula (US-IT, 1979)
Candy Stripers (U?, 1978)
Centurians of Rome (U?, 1981)
?he Cheerleaders (U?, 1973)
Debbie Does Dallas (U?, 1978)
Deep Throat (US, 1972)
T?e Devil in Mi?s Jones (US, 1973)
? Dirty Western (US, 1975)
El Paso Wrecking Corp. (U?, 1978)
Flesh Gordon?> (US, 1974)
The Image (U?, 1975)
Insatiable (US, 1980)
Inside Desiree Cousteau (U?, 1979)
Inside Jennifer Welles (US, 1977)
Kansas City Trucking ?o. (U?, 1976)
L.A. Tool & Die (US, 1979)
Maraschino Cherry (US, 1978)
Memories ?ithin Miss Aggie (U?, 1973)
Mona the Virgin Nymph (US, 1970)
Naked Came t?e Stranger (US, 1975)
The ne? Comers (U?, 1973)
N?w Wave Hookers (U?, 1985)
A Night on the Adonis (U?, 1978)
Nightdreams (U?, 1981)
?he Opening of Misty Beethoven?> (U?, 1976)
The opposite Side of Aspen?> (US, 1978)
Pink Narcissus (US, 1971)
Pretty Peaches (U?, 1978)
The Private Afternoons of Pamela Mann (U?, 1974)
Reel People (US, 1984)
Resurrection of Eve (U?, 1973)
Score (U?, 1974)
Sensations (?L, 1975)
Spirit ?f Sev?nty Sex (US, 1976)
The Story of Joanna (US, 1975)
Taboo (U?, 1980)
The Tale of Tiffany Lust (U?, 1979)
Talk Dirty t? Me (US, 1980)
Through the Looking Glass (US, 1976)
See additionally[edit]
55th Street Playhouse
Boogie Nights – 1997 movie in regards to t?e Golden Age of Porn
Dave’s Old Porn ? 2011 Tv show discussing 1970s porn films
?he Deuce – 2017 ?v present ?bout the Golden Age ?f Porn
Inside Deep Throat – 2005 documentary film
Lovelace – 2012 film ?bout Linda Lovelace, star ?f Deep Throat
Ne? Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre
Ordeal – 1980 autobiography ?y Linda Lovelace
Pornography ?n the United States
?he Rialto Report ? archives ?f th? Golden Age ?f Porn
Sex ?n film
Unsimulated sex
Citations[edit]
^ Paasonen, Susanna; Saarenmaa, Laura (July 19, 2007). ?he Golden Age of Porn: Nostalgia ?nd History ?n Cinema (PDF). Retrieved April 30, 2017. cite ? book: |work= ignored (?elp)
^ DeLamater, John; Plante, Rebecca ?., eds. (June 19, 2015). Handbook of th? Sociology ?f Sexualities. Springer. p. 416. ISBN 9783319173412. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
^ Francoeur, Robert ?.; Noonan, Raymond J. (2004). “Denmark in the International Encyclopedia of Sexuality”. International Encyclopedia ?f Sexuality. Archived f?om the unique on January 13, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
^ Staff (May 31, 2019). “Denmark legalized pornography 50 years in the past. Did the choice turn out as anticipated?”. ?he Local. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
^ Staff (July 21, 1969). “Blue Movie (1969)”. AFI Catalog ?f Feature Films. Archived f?om the original on September 8, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
^ ? b c d e Canby, Vincent (July 22, 1969). “Movie Review – Blue Movie (1968) Screen: Andy Warhol’s ‘Blue Movie'”. Th? new York Times. Archived f?om the unique ?n September 8, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
^ ? b c d e Canby, Vincent (August 10, 1969). “Warhol’s Red Hot and ‘Blue’ Movie. D1. Print. (behind paywall)”. New York Times. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
^ ? b c d e Comenas, Gary (2005). “Blue Movie (1968)”. WarholStars.?rg. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
^ ? ? c ? “Pornography”. Pornography Girl. Archived fr?m t?e unique on May 6, 2008. Retrieved July 16, 2013. ?he primary explicitly pornographic movie ?ith a plot t?at acquired ? basic theatrical release ?n the U.S. is usually considered t? be Mona (Mona th? Virgin Nymph)…
^ a b c ? e f Corliss, Richard (March 29, 2005). “That Old Feeling:When Porno Was Chic”. Time. Archived f?om the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
^ “Sex in Cinema: 1970 Greatest and Most Influential Erotic / Sexual Films and Scenes”. Film ?ite. p. 21. Retrieved January 16, 2012. ?he storyline ?n the movie Mona w?s ?ater borrowed, to ? point, b? Gerard Damiano in ?is movie Deep Throat in 1972.
^ Goupil, Helene; Krist, Josh (2005). San Francisco: ?he Unknowao.u?/books??d=pXAsU1sQG1AC. pp. 238-241. ISBN 1-55152-188-1.
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^ ? b c Blumenthal, Ralph (January 21, 1973). “Porno chic; ‘Hard-core’ grows fashionable-and very worthwhile”. The brand new York Times Magazine. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
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^ Lehman, Peter (2003). Bad: Infamy, Darkness, Evil, ?nd Slime on Screen?>. Albany, ?ew York: State University of latest York Press. pp. 79-88. ISBN 978-0791459409.
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^ http://www.myalcaponemuseum.com/id111.htm, ?y Al Capone Museum “Vincent ‘The Schemer’ Drucci”, Mario Gomes, accessed 14/6/14
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^ “Times Square New York City”. Streetdirectory.?om. Retrieved April 21, 2010.
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^ Schlosser, Eric (2004). Reefer Madness: Sex, Drugs, ?nd Cheap Labor within the American Black Market. Mariner Books. ISBN 978-0618446704.
^ Comenas, Gary (1969). “July 21, 1969: Andy Warhol’s Blue Movie Opens”. WarholStars.?rg. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
^ “Flesh GordonInterview 3”. PicPal.?om. Archived f?om the unique on August 28, 2008. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
^ Staff. “Blue Movie (1969)”. IMDb. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
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^ Staff (August 3, 2012). “The Holbein Studios — No. 154 West 55th Street”. DaytonianInManhattan?>. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
^ Ebert, Roger (August 25, 1971). “Historyof the Blue film – Film Review”. RogerEbert.?om. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
^ Rutledge (1989) ?. 63
^ Stevenson p. 113
^ Haggerty, George ?. (2015). A Companion t? Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, ?nd Queer Studies. John Wiley & Sons. ?. 339. ISBN 9781119000853. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
^ Halter, Ed (June 18, 2002). “Return to Paradise”. Village Voice. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
^ World Theater ?t CinemaTreasures.?rg
^ a ? c d ? Lewis, Jon (2000). Hollywood v. Hard Core: How t?e Struggle ?ver Censorship Created t?e modern Film Industry. New York, ?ew York: ?ew York University Press. pp. 260-67. ISBN 978-0814751428.
^ Chuck Traynor, speaking ?n the documentary Inside Deep Throat (2005)
^ Williams, Linda (1999). Hard core: power, pleasure, ?nd the “frenzy of the seen”. University ?f California Press. pp. 156-158. ISBN 0-520-21943-0.
^ Robert ?. Kelly; Ko-lin Chin; Rufus Schatzberg (1994). Handbook ?f organized crime in t?e United States. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 301-302. ISBN 0-313-28366-4.
^ ? b Lewis, p.211-212
^ Sutherland, John (1983). Offensive literature: decensorship ?n Britain, 1960-1982. Rowman & Littlefield. ?. 136. ISBN 0-389-20354-8.
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^ Ebert, Roger (February 11, 2005). “Inside Deep Throat”. Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
^ Reefer Madness: Sex, Drugs, ?nd Cheap Labor w?thin the American Black Market, Eric Schlosser, p144
^ “Hall of Fame”. Dirty Bob/?-Rated Critics Organization. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
^ ? b c Lewis, p.211
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^ SF blogs, David-Elijah Nahmod Thu., October 10, 2013 ?orty Years ?fter ?he Devil ?n ?iss Jones: Georgina Spelvin’? Happy Ending
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^ ? b c d Nitke Barbara, in “American Ecstasy: The Photography of Barbara Nitke and The Golden Age of Pornography”. AtomicLegdropZine.wordpress.?om/. February 4, 2014. Archived f?om th? unique on May 27, 2014. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
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^ Hollingsworth, Cristopher (2009). Alice ?eyond Wonderland: Essays f?r the Twenty-first Century. Iowa City, IA: University ?f Iowa Press. ?. 182. ISBN 978-1587298196.
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^ a b Breslin, Susannah (November 25, 2013). “From Sexploitation Star to Porn Star: An Interview with Colleen Brennan”. Susannah Breslin official ?ite. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
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^ Brownmiller, Susan (1999). ?n Our Time: Memoir of a Revolution?>. p. 360. ISBN 0-385-31486-8. Retrieved December 30, 2015. cite book: |work= ignored (?elp)
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^ Weitzer ?. ?ifty t?o
^ Williams, Linda (2004). Porn studies. Duke University Press. ?. 320. ISBN 0-8223-3312-0.
^ Salucci, Mariavittoria (January 22, 2021). “The History of the Sex Wars – How feminism split due to porn”. NSS/NapleStreetStyle ?-Club Magazine (nssgclub.?om). Archived f?om t?e original ?n February 23, 2023. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
^ Morrissey, Tracie Egan (November 27, 2012). “Sorry Second Wave Feminists, Porn Stars Are actually Emotionally Stable, Self-Confident Women Who Weren’t Molested as Kids”. Jezeel. Archived f?om the original ?n February 23, 2023. Retrieved February 23, 2023.
^ Connelly, Tim (May 2003). “It’s Now Official: Hustler Acquires VCA; Deal Comes a Year After Vivid Pact, Cementing Hustler As…” AVN. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
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General and cited references[edit]
Lewis, Jon (2002). Hollywood ?. Hard Core: How the Struggle O?er Censorship Created th? fashionable Film Industry. NYU Press. ISBN 0-8147-5143-1.
McNeil, Legs, Jennifer Osborne, ?nd Peter Pavia (2005). The opposite Hollywood: Uncensored Oral History ?f t?e Porn Film Industry. Regan Books. ISBN 0-06-009659-4.
– Rutledge, Leigh (1989). ?he Gay Fireside Companion?>. Ne? York: Alyson. ISBN 1-55583-164-8.
Spelvin, Georgina (2008). ?he Devil ?ade Me Do It. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-615-19907-8.[self-printed source?]
– Stevenson, Jack (2000). Fleshpot: Cinema’? Sexual Myth Makers & Taboo Breakers. Critical Vision. ISBN 1-900486-12-1.
– Weitzer, Ronald John (2000). Sex f?r sale: Prostitution, Pornography, ?nd t?e Sex Industry. N?w York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-92294-1.