- Monster Musume Porn
- Background[edit]
- The period[edit]
- Beginnings[edit]
- Eliza Ibarra Porn
- Deep Throat[edit]
- The Devil in Miss Jones[edit]
- “Porno chic”[edit]
- Supreme Court’s 1973 Miller v. California[edit]
- Post-1973[edit]
- Feminist criticism[edit]
- Golden Age stars[edit]
- Second-wave stars[edit]
- Producers[edit]
- Films of the interval[edit]
- See additionally[edit]
- Citations[edit]
- General and cited references[edit]
- External hyperlinks[edit]
T?e term “Golden Age of Porn“, or “porno chic“, refers t? a 15-year interval (1969-1984) ?n business American pornography, d?ring which sexually specific films skilled constructive attention f?om mainstream cinemas, film critics, ?nd the general public.[1][2] ?his American interval, w?ich ?ad subsequently unfold internationally,[3] and that began earlier t?an t?e legalization of pornography in Denmark on July 1, 1969,[4] began ?n June 12, 1969,[5] with the theatrical launch ?f th? movie Blue Movie directed ?y Andy Warhol,[6][7][8] ?nd, considerably ?ater, with t?e discharge ?f the 1970 film Mona produced ?y Bill Osco.[9][10] Thes? movies have been the primary grownup erotic movies depicting express sex t? receive wide theatrical release within the United States.[6][7][8][9] Both influenced t?e making of movies reminiscent ?f 1972’s Deep Throat starring Linda Lovelace ?nd directed by Gerard Damiano,[11] ?ehind the Green Door starring Marilyn Chambers ?nd directed ?y the Mitchell brothers,[12] 1973′? The Devil in Miss Jones ?lso ?y Damiano, and 1976’s ?he Opening of Misty Beethoven?> by Radley Metzger, t?e “crown jewel” of th? Golden Age, ?n line with award-winning author Toni Bentley.[13][14]. In keeping with Andy Warhol, hi? Blue Movie movie wa? a serious influence ?ithin the making of Last Tango in Paris, an internationally controversial erotic drama movie, starring Marlon Brando, ?nd released a few years after Blue Movie ?as shown ?n theaters.[8]
Pregnant Lesbian Porn
Following mentions ?y Johnny Carson on his w?ll-liked Tonight Show ?nd Bob Hope on T? as well,[10] Deep Throat achieved main box-office success, despite being rudimentary by mainstream requirements. ?n 1973, the m?re completed, howev?r nonet?eless low-funds, film ?he Devil in Miss Jones was the seventh most profitable movie ?f t?e 12 months, ?nd was effectively acquired ?y main media, t?gether with a good review ?y movie critic Roger Ebert.[15] ?he phenomenon of porn ?eing publicly discussed ?y celebrities, ?nd taken severely ?y critics, a development referred to, by Ralph Blumenthal ?f The brand new York Times, ?s “porno chic”, started f?r th? f?rst time in modern American culture.[10][16] ?t becam? obvious t?at field-workplace returns ?f ?ery low-price range adult erotic films m?ght fund additional advances in t?e technical ?nd production values ?f porn, making ?t extremely aggressive ?ith Hollywood movies. ?here was concern that, left unchecked, t?e huge profitability of su?h movies ?ould result ?n Hollywood ?eing influenced ?y pornography.[17][18]
Sex Doll Porn
Previous to th?s, thousands of U.?. state and municipal anti-obscenity legal guidelines ?nd ordinances held t?at t?king part in the creation, distribution, or consumption ?f obscene films constituted criminal action. Multi-jurisdictional interpretations ?f obscenity ma?e such films susceptible t? prosecution ?nd criminal legal responsibility f?r obscenity, t?ereby proscribing t?eir distribution ?nd profit potential. Freedom in artistic license, increased movie budgets ?nd payouts, and a “Hollywood mindset” a?l contributed to thi? interval.
Monster Musume Porn
?owever, wit? th? growing availability of videocassette recorders f?r non-public viewing ?n the 1980s, video supplanted movie ?s the popular distribution medium f?r pornography, which rapidly reverted t? being low-finances ?nd brazenly gratuitous, ?nding t?is “Golden Age”.[19]
Background[edit]
Pornographic films h?d ?een produced in the early twentieth century ?s “stag” motion pictures, meant t? be seen ?t male gatherings or in brothels. Within the United States, social disapproval ?as so nice that men ?n them generally attempted t? conceal t?eir face by subterfuge, resembling a false mustache (?sed ?n A Free Ride) and even being masked. Only a fe? people had be?n ever identified ?s appearing in such movies;. Performers ?ere typically presumed t? ?ave b?en prostitutes o? criminals. Vincent Drucci ?s claimed to h?ve carried out ?n a pornographic movie m?d? ?n 1924.[21] Candy Barr, wh? appeared w?thin the 1950s Smart Alec, was nearly unique ?mong t?ose showing in stag films, having attained a level of celebrity by means of her participation.[22]
?n t?e U?, ?uring t?e late 1960s, th?re wa? regular semi-underground production ?f pornographic films ?n a modest scale. ?fter answering New York City newspaper commercials f?r nude fashions, Eric Edwards ?nd Jamie Gillis, amongst others, appeared ?n th?se movies, which we?e silent black ?nd white ‘loops’ of low quality, ?ften intended f?r peep booth viewing ?n th? proliferation of grownup video arcades ?round Times Square.[23][24][25] T?e product of th? brand new York City porn business ?as distributed nationwide ?y underworld figure Robert DiBernardo, ?ho commissioned t?e production ?f ? lot of th? ?o-called ‘Golden Age’ period films m?de in New York City.[26][27] ?lthough not t?e first grownup film to acquire a wide theatrical release wit?in the US, none h?d achieved ? mass viewers, and adjusted public attitude tow?rds pornography, ?s Deep Throat d?d.
?he period[edit]
Beginnings[edit]
Blue Movie ?y Andy Warhol, released ?n June 1969,[6][7][8] and, m?re freely, Mona, ?y Bill Osco, released ?fterwards ?n August 1970,[9] ?ere the primary films depicting specific intercourse t? obtain large theatrical distribution ?n t?e United States.[6][7][9] Blue Movie ?as reviewed ?n Variety.[28] Alth?ugh Blue Movie concerned sexual intercourse, t?e film, starring Viva ?nd Louis Waldon, included substantial dialogue concerning th? Vietnam War and numerous mundane duties.[6][7] As compared, t?e movie Mona differed f?om Blue Movie by presenting extra ?f a narrative plot: Mona (played b? Fifi Watson) ha? promised ?er mother t?at sh? would stay a virgin ?ntil he? impending marriage.[29] Nonethe?ess, Blue Movie, m?reover be?ng a seminal movie w?thin t?e ‘Golden Age ?f Porn‘, wa? a serious affect, in line with Warhol, wit?in the making ?f Last Tango in Paris (1972), ?n internationally controversial erotic drama movie, starring Marlon Brando, ?nd released a couple ?f years aft?r Blue Movie w?? made.[8][30]
Black Cat Porn
?lso around this time, ?n June 1970, t?e 55th Street Playhouse started showing Censorship ?n Denmark: ? new Approach, a film documentary examine ?f pornography, directed ?y Alex ?e Renzy.[31] In line w?th Vincent Canby, a new York Times film reviewer, t?e narrator of the documentary famous that “pornography is more stimulating and cheaper than hormone injections” and “stresses the truth that for the reason that legalization of pornography in Denmark, intercourse crimes have decreased.”[31] Nonet?eless, on September 30, 1970, Assistant District Attorney, Richard Beckler, ?ad th? theater supervisor, Chung Louis, arrested ?n ?n obscenity cost, and t?e movie seized a? appealing t? ? prurient interest ?n intercourse. ?he presiding judge, Jack Rosenberg, said, “[The movie] ?s patently offensive t? most Americans because it affronts contemporary community standards referring t? the description ?r representation ?f sexual issues.”[32]
?evertheless, ?fterwards, ?n October 1970, t?e History of the Blue Movie, another movie documentary research ?f pornography directed ?y Alex ?e Renzy, was released and featured ? compilation ?f early blue movie shorts relationship f?om 1915 to 1970. Film critic Roger Ebert reviewed t?e film, rated it t?o-stars (?f fou?), and noted t?at t?e narrator tells ?s “solemnly about the comedian artistry of early stag motion pictures”.[33]
Bell Delphine Porn
?n December 1971, Boys w?thin the Sand was launched ?nd opened in theaters ?cross t?e United States and ?ll o?er the world,[34] and reviewed by Variety magazine.[35][36] Featuring explicit ?ll-male sex scenes, t?e movie’? title ?s a parodic reference to the gay-themed 1968 play ?y Mart Crowley, ?nd th? 1970 film adaptation T?e Boys ?n th? Band.[37] It led to t?e formation of ?everal gay porn productiion houses, amongst probably t?e mo?t notable, Falcon Studios ?nd Hand In Hand Films.
Eliza Ibarra Porn
Deep Throat[edit]
?he ‘Golden Age of Porn‘ continued ?n 1972 with Deep Throat. ?t formally premiered ?t the World Theater[38] ?n New York City ?n June 12, 1972, and w?s marketed ?n The brand new York Times under t?e bowdlerized title Throat. After Johnny Carson talked about the movie on hi? nationally top-rated ?v show[16][39][40][41][42] and Bob Hope, ?s effectively, mentioned ?t ?n ?v,[10] Deep Throat turned v?ry worthwhile ?nd a box-workplace success, in accordance wit? one of t?e figures behind t?e movie. In its second 12 months ?f release, Deep Throat simply missed Variety’? top 10. H?wever, ?y t?en, it was ?ften be?ng shown ?n a double invoice ?ith probably th? m?st successful ?f t?e top thr?e adult erotic films launched ?ithin t?e 1972-1973 era, The Devil in Miss Jones, whi?h easily outperformed Deep Throat, ?hile leaving ?ehind the Green Door trailing ?n third place.[43]
Black Anal Porn
The Devil ?n Mi?s Jones[edit]
T?e 1973 film T?e Devil in ?iss Jones was ranked number ?even in the Variety listing ?f the highest ten highest-grossing footage ?f 1973, regardless of missing the large launch ?nd skilled advertising ?f Hollywood and having b?en nearly banned across the nation for half t?e year (see Miller ?. California, b?low).[43] ?ome critics have described t?e film as, along with Deep Throat, one of many “two greatest erotic motion pictures ever made”.[44] William Friedkin referred t? ?s ?he Devil in Miss Jones a “nice movie”, partly as a result ?f it was one of th? few grownup erotic films ?ith a proper storyline.[45] Roger Ebert referred t? The Devil in ?iss Jones becau?e th? “best” of the genre he had seen ?nd gave it t?ree-stars (of 4).[15] Ebert additionally advised t?e movie’s box office receipts hav? b?en inflated as a approach ?f laundering t?e earnings fr?m illegal actions, t?ough ?uch a way would ?ave required organised crime t? be paying taxes on t?eir illegally obtained income.[46][47]
Red Dead Redemption 2 Porn
?he Devil in Miss Jones ?as one in every ?f th? f?rst movies to b? inducted ?nto the XRCO Hall of Fame.[48] ?he sound-recording, cinematography, ?nd story-line of ?he Devil in Mis? Jones ha?e been of ? considerably greater quality t?an any previous porn movie. ?he lead, Georgina Spelvin, ?ho ha? b?en in the original Broadway run ?f T?e Pajama Game, mixed vigorous sex ?ith ?n appearing performance ?ome thought as convincing ?s som?thing to ?e seen in a ver? good mainstream production. ?he had ?een hired ?? a caterer, ?ut Gerard Damiano, the film director, ?as impressed with h?r studying ?f M?ss Jones’? dialogue, ?hile auditioning ?n actor for the non-sex position ?f ‘Abaca’. ?n line w?th Variety’? evaluation, “With The Devil in Miss Jones, the exhausting-core porno characteristic approaches an art kind, one which critics may have a troublesome time ignoring sooner or later”. ?he evaluation ?lso described t?e plot ?? comparable t? Jean-Paul Sartre’? play No Exit,[49] and went ?n to explain t?e opening scene ?s, “a sequence so efficient it will stand out in any legit theatrical feature.”[49] It finished b? stating, “Booking a film of this technical quality into a typical intercourse home is tantamount to throwing it on the trash heap of most present hard-core fare.”[39][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]
Detroit Becom? Human Porn
“Porno chic”[edit]
An influential 5-p?ge article ?n The new York Times Magazine ?n 1973 described t?e phenomenon of porn b?ing publicly discussed by celebrities, and taken severely ?y critics, a improvement referred t?, b? Ralph Blumenthal ?f The brand ne? York Times, a? “porno chic”.[10][16][56] Some expressed the opinion th?t pornographic films ?ould proceed t? increase t?eir access to US theaters, ?nd the mainstream film trade ?ould gravitate t?wards t?e influence of porn.[17][18]
Supreme Court’? 1973 Miller v. California[edit]
Supreme Court’? 1973 Miller ?. California choice redefined obscenity f?om “completely with out socially redeeming value” t? lacks “critical literary, inventive, political, or scientific worth”. Crucially, ?t m?de ‘contemporary group standards’ t?e criterion, holding that obscenity ?as not protected ?y the primary Amendment; t?e ruling gave leeway t? native judges t? grab and destroy prints ?f movies adjudged t? violate area people standards. ?he Miller determination obstructed porn distribution.[39] ?he Devil ?n M?ss Jones, in addition to Deep Throat and ?ehind the Green Door, ?ere prosecuted efficiently in t?e course ?f th? l?tter half of 1973; the Supreme Court’s Miller decision closed m?ch of America t? th? exhibition ?f adult erotic films, ?nd s?metimes led to it being banned outright. Porn films wo?ldn’t function ?s prominently wit?in th? mainstream movie business ?s they ?id in t?e Golden Age,[57] ?ntil the emergence of the web in the 1990s.[58]
Post-1973[edit]
Within the aftermath of Miller v. California (1973), with the consequence of fragmenting distribution within the American movie market ?nd placing mass field workplace returns ?eyond the attain of pornographic movies, t?e temporary industrial foray ?nto the manufacturing ?f pornographic movies ?ith larger inventive ?nd cinematic production values t?at occurred ?etween 1972 ?nd 1973 was not sustained. Wit? their comparatively modest monetary means, ? predicted transfer ?f organized crime ?nto Hollywood did not materialize.[18] Pornographic movies continued t? be a highly profitable business, ?nd thrived throughout the remainder of the 1970s, resulting ?n t?e concept of porn “stars” gaining foreign money. Ostracism ?f porn performers meant t?ey virtually invariably ?sed pseudonyms. Being outed as having appeared ?n porn usually put ?n end to an actor’s hope ?f a mainstream profession.[59] A sign of th? returns ?till potential ?as that ? 1976 release, Alice in Wonderland: ?n ?-Rated Musical Comedy, favorably reviewed ?y movie critic Roger Ebert ?n 1976,[60] reportedly grossed ov?r $90 million globally.[39][61] ?ome historians assess ?he Opening ?f Misty Beethoven?>, based m?stly ?n the play Pygmalion?> b? George Bernard Shaw (and its derivative, ?y Fair Lady), and directed ?y Radley Metzger, as attaining ? mainstream degree ?n storyline and units.[62] Author Toni Bentley known ?s the film t?e “crown jewel” ?f the Golden Age.[13][14]
Sev?ral have been actors who may handle dialogue w?en required.
Usually, ?fter 1973, grownup erotic films emulated mainstream filmmaking storylines ?nd conventions, merely t? frame th? depictions of sexual exercise to arrange ?n ‘inventive benefit’ protection towards potential obscenity expenses. ?he adult film industry remained caught ?t t?e extent of ‘someday wonders’, finished ?y members employed for le?s th?n a single day. ?he ponderous technology ?f the time meant filming ? easy scene ?ould usually take hours on account of t?e necessity f?r t?e digital camera t? be laboriously arrange fo? e?ch shot.[63] Repeated sustained performances is l?kely t? ?e required on cue ?t any time ?ver t?e course ?f a day, wh?ch w?s an issue fo? men without t?e recourse t? modern Viagra-type medicine.[59][63] Production ?as concentrated in New York City wh?re organized crime was extensively believed t? ha?e control over a?l aspects ?f the business, and to sto? entry of competitors. ?lthough t?eir budgets wer? usually v?ry low, ? subcultural level ?f appreciation exists f?r movies of this era, ?hich were produced by a core group of around t?irty performers, ?ome ?f w?om had different jobs. Se?eral we?e actors ?ho m?ght handle dialogue w?en required. How?ver, s?me contributors scoffed ?t the concept t?at ?hat t?ey d?d qualified ?s “acting”.[10][39][59] By t?e early 1980s, the rise of house video ?ad led to the ?nd of the era ?hen folks went t? film theaters t? see sex shot ?n 35mm film with production values, finally culminating ?ith the rise of the internet with?n t?e nineties ?nd past.[59]
Anime Rape Porn
Feminist criticism[edit]
?he ‘Golden Age’ was a period ?f interactions ?etween pornography. ?he contemporaneous second wave ?f feminism. Radical ?nd cultural feminists, ?long with religious ?nd conservative groups, attacked pornography,[64][65] ?hile different feminists ?ad been pro-pornography, reminiscent ?f Camille Paglia, ?ho outlined w?at got ?ere to be often called intercourse-constructive feminism ?n her work Sexual Personae. Paglia ?nd different sex-positive ?r professional-pornography feminists accepted porn ?s part ?f t?e sexual revolution ?ith ?ts libertarian sexual themes, resembling exploring bisexuality and swinging, f?ee fr?m government interference. Th? endorsement of feminine critics ?as important f?r the credibility of th? temporary period ?f “porno chic”.[66][67][68][69]
Golden Age stars[edit]
?he Golden Age ?f Porn, b?tween the years 1969 t? 1984, was cut u? into t?o waves: the f?rst wave (t?e “porno chic” era), between t?e late 1960s t? early 70s; and, the second wave reportedly “between the late 70s and early 80s”.[70][71]
Diaper Girl Porn
Major pornographic film actors ?f the primary part of th? ‘Golden Age’, t?e “porno chic” era, included:
Asian Teen Porn
Bobby Astyr
Rene Bond
Rebecca Brooke
Rick Cassidy
Marilyn Chambers
Zebedy Colt
Carol Connors
Desireé Cousteau
Casey Donovan
Eric Edwards
Samantha Fox
Michael Gaunt
Jamie Gillis
Terri Hall
Annette ?aven
John ?. Holmes (a.k.?. “Johnny Wadd”)
Mike Horner
Robert Kerman (a.k.?. “R Bolla”)
Johnny Keyes
?. J. Laing
Gloria Leonard
John Leslie
Linda Lovelace
William Margold
Sharon Mitchell
Constance Money
Wade Nichols
Kay Parker
George Payne
Rhonda ?o Petty
Darby Lloyd Rains
Harry Reems
Vanessa del Rio
Candida Royalle
Herschel Savage
Joey Silvera
Georgina Spelvin
Annie Sprinkle
Marc Stevens
Jessie ?t. James
Paul Thomas
Jennifer Welles
Marlene Willoughby
Second-wave stars[edit]
Tracey Adams
Juliet Anderson (?.k.a. “Aunt Peg”)
Colleen Brennan
Jerry Butler
Tom Byron
Christy Canyon
Desireé Cousteau
Barbara Dare
Billy Dee
Lisa ?e Leeuw
Debi Diamond
Jeanna Fine
Veronica Hart
Nina Hartley
Ryan Idol
Ron Jeremy
Angel Kelly
Brigitte Lahaie
Hyapatia Lee
Traci Lords
Amber Lynn
Ginger Lynn
Porsche Lynn
Shauna Grant
Shanna McCullough
Kelly Nichols
Peter North
Seka
Long Dong Silver
Randy West
Bambi Woods
Jack Wrangler
Ona Zee
On the time of the maturation of th? second wave, movies mo?e and mo?e had been b?ing shot on video f?r residence release.
?s th?ir reputation rose, ?o did the?r management ?f t?eir careers. John Holmes turned the primary recurring porn character ?n t?e “Johnny Wadd” film collection directed ?y Bob Chinn. Lisa De Leeuw was one in al? the f?rst t? signal an exclusive contract ?ith a major grownup manufacturing firm, Vivid Video, ?nd Marilyn Chambers worked in mainstream films, ?eing one of the primary of a small number of crossover porn actors.
Producers[edit]
Major producers through?ut the first wave of th? ‘Golden Age’, t?e “Porno Chic” period, embody:
Gerard Damiano
Gregory Dark
Alex ?e Renzy
Radley Metzger (?.k.a. “Henry Paris”)
Mitchell Brothers (Artie and Jim)
Bill Osco
Chuck Vincent
Andy Warhol
?ith the rise ?f video, t?e dominant pornographic movie studios ?f t?e Second Wave interval ha? been VCA Pictures[72] and Caballero Home Video.[73]
Films ?f th? interval[edit]
? few ?f the most effective-identified grownup erotic movies ?f t?e period embrace:
Alice ?n Wonderland (US, 1976)
Barbara Broadcast (U?, 1977)
Be?ind th? Green Door (US, 1972)
Blue Movie (US, 1969)
Boys ?n the Sand (US, 1971)
Café Flesh (US, 1982)
Caligula (US-IT, 1979)
Candy Stripers (U?, 1978)
Centurians of Rome (U?, 1981)
?he Cheerleaders (U?, 1973)
Debbie Does Dallas (U?, 1978)
Deep Throat (US, 1972)
T?e Devil in Mi?s Jones (US, 1973)
? Dirty Western (US, 1975)
El Paso Wrecking Corp. (U?, 1978)
Flesh Gordon?> (US, 1974)
The Image (U?, 1975)
Insatiable (US, 1980)
Inside Desiree Cousteau (U?, 1979)
Inside Jennifer Welles (US, 1977)
Kansas City Trucking ?o. (U?, 1976)
L.A. Tool & Die (US, 1979)
Maraschino Cherry (US, 1978)
Memories ?ithin Miss Aggie (U?, 1973)
Mona the Virgin Nymph (US, 1970)
Naked Came t?e Stranger (US, 1975)
T?e brand new Comers (U?, 1973)
N?w Wave Hookers (U?, 1985)
A Night at the Adonis (U?, 1978)
Nightdreams (U?, 1981)
?he Opening of Misty Beethoven?> (U?, 1976)
The opposite Side of Aspen?> (US, 1978)
Pink Narcissus (US, 1971)
Pretty Peaches (U?, 1978)
The Private Afternoons of Pamela Mann (U?, 1974)
Reel People (US, 1984)
Resurrection of Eve (U?, 1973)
Score (U?, 1974)
Sensations (?L, 1975)
Spirit ?f Sev?nty Sex (US, 1976)
The Story of Joanna (US, 1975)
Taboo (U?, 1980)
The Tale of Tiffany Lust (U?, 1979)
Talk Dirty t? Me (US, 1980)
Through the Looking Glass (US, 1976)
See additionally[edit]
55th Street Playhouse
Boogie Nights – 1997 film concerning t?e Golden Age of Porn
Dave’s Old Porn ? 2011 Tv present discussing 1970s porn films
?he Deuce – 2017 ?v present in regards to th? Golden Age ?f Porn
Inside Deep Throat – 2005 documentary movie
Lovelace – 2012 movie ?bout Linda Lovelace, star ?f Deep Throat
Ne? Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre
Ordeal – 1980 autobiography ?y Linda Lovelace
Pornography w?thin the United States
?he Rialto Report ? archives ?f th? Golden Age ?f Porn
Sex ?n film
Unsimulated sex
Citations[edit]
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^ DeLamater, John; Plante, Rebecca ?., eds. (June 19, 2015). Handbook of th? Sociology ?f Sexualities. Springer. p. 416. ISBN 9783319173412. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
^ Francoeur, Robert ?.; Noonan, Raymond J. (2004). “Denmark in the International Encyclopedia of Sexuality”. International Encyclopedia ?f Sexuality. Archived f?om the unique on January 13, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
^ Staff (May 31, 2019). “Denmark legalized pornography 50 years ago. Did the choice turn out as anticipated?”. ?he Local. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
^ Staff (July 21, 1969). “Blue Movie (1969)”. AFI Catalog ?f Feature Films. Archived f?om the original on September 8, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
^ ? b c d e Canby, Vincent (July 22, 1969). “Movie Review – Blue Movie (1968) Screen: Andy Warhol’s ‘Blue Movie'”. Th? new York Times. Archived f?om the unique ?n September 8, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
^ ? b c d e Canby, Vincent (August 10, 1969). “Warhol’s Red Hot and ‘Blue’ Movie. D1. Print. (behind paywall)”. New York Times. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
^ ? b c d e Comenas, Gary (2005). “Blue Movie (1968)”. WarholStars.?rg. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
^ ? ? c ? “Pornography”. Pornography Girl. Archived fr?m the original on May 6, 2008. Retrieved July 16, 2013. ?he primary explicitly pornographic film ?ith a plot t?at obtained ? general theatrical release ?n the U.S. is generally thought-?bout t? be Mona (Mona th? Virgin Nymph)…
^ a b c ? e f Corliss, Richard (March 29, 2005). “That Old Feeling:When Porno Was Chic”. Time. Archived f?om t?e unique on March 13, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
^ “Sex in Cinema: 1970 Greatest and Most Influential Erotic / Sexual Films and Scenes”. Film ?ite. p. 21. Retrieved January 16, 2012. ?he storyline within the movie Mona w?s ?ater borrowed, to ? point, b? Gerard Damiano in ?is movie Deep Throat in 1972.
^ Goupil, Helene; Krist, Josh (2005). San Francisco: ?he Unknowao.u?/books??d=pXAsU1sQG1AC. pp. 238-241. ISBN 1-55152-188-1.
^ ? ? Bentley, Toni (June 2014). “The Legend of Henry Paris”. Playboy. Archived from th? unique ?n February 4, 2016. Retrieved January 26, 2016.
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^ ? b c Blumenthal, Ralph (January 21, 1973). “Porno chic; ‘Hard-core’ grows fashionable-and very profitable”. ?he new York Times Magazine. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
^ ? b From a 1970s interview ?ith Linda Lovelace, shown ?n th? documentary Inside Deep Throat.
^ ? b c “Mafia Money Infiltrates Pornos Movie Business”. Daytona Beach Morning Journal. October 12, 1975. Retrieved September 5, 2016. ?f the trend continues, t?ese persons ?re going t? develop ?nto a major pressure ?n the film trade inside a number of years,” mentioned Capt. Lawrence Hepburn of the brand new York Police Department’s organized crime division. “The movie business goes t? be li?e the garment enterprise, riddled ?ith Mafia affect.
^ Lehman, Peter (2003). Bad: Infamy, Darkness, Evil, ?nd Slime on Screen?>. Albany, ?ew York: State University ?f new York Press. pp. 79-88. ISBN 978-0791459409.
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^ http://www.myalcaponemuseum.com/id111.htm, ?y Al Capone Museum “Vincent ‘The Schemer’ Drucci”, Mario Gomes, accessed 14/6/14
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^ Heidenry, John (2002). What Wild Ecstasy. Simon & Schuster. ?. 323. ISBN 978-0743241847.
^ Schlosser, Eric (2004). Reefer Madness: Sex, Drugs, ?nd Cheap Labor within the American Black Market. Mariner Books. ISBN 978-0618446704.
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^ “Flesh GordonInterview 3”. PicPal.?om. Archived f?om the original on August 28, 2008. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
^ Staff. “Blue Movie (1969)”. IMDb. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
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^ Staff (August 3, 2012). “The Holbein Studios — No. 154 West 55th Street”. DaytonianInManhattan?>. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
^ Ebert, Roger (August 25, 1971). “Historyof the Blue film – Film Review”. RogerEbert.?om. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
^ Rutledge (1989) ?. 63
^ Stevenson p. 113
^ Haggerty, George ?. (2015). A Companion t? Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, ?nd Queer Studies. John Wiley & Sons. ?. 339. ISBN 9781119000853. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
^ Halter, Ed (June 18, 2002). “Return to Paradise”. Village Voice. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
^ World Theater ?t CinemaTreasures.?rg
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^ Chuck Traynor, speaking within the documentary Inside Deep Throat (2005)
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^ ? b Lewis, p.211-212
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^ a b Breslin, Susannah (November 25, 2013). “From Sexploitation Star to Porn Star: An Interview with Colleen Brennan”. Susannah Breslin official ?ite. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
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General and cited references[edit]
Lewis, Jon (2002). Hollywood ?. Hard Core: How the Struggle O?er Censorship Created th? modern Film Industry. NYU Press. ISBN 0-8147-5143-1.
McNeil, Legs, Jennifer Osborne, ?nd Peter Pavia (2005). The opposite Hollywood: Uncensored Oral History ?f t?e Porn Film Industry. Regan Books. ISBN 0-06-009659-4.
– Rutledge, Leigh (1989). ?he Gay Fireside Companion?>. Ne? York: Alyson. ISBN 1-55583-164-8.
Spelvin, Georgina (2008). ?he Devil ?ade Me Do It. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-615-19907-8.[self-printed supply?]
– Stevenson, Jack (2000). Fleshpot: Cinema’? Sexual Myth Makers & Taboo Breakers. Critical Vision. ISBN 1-900486-12-1.
– Weitzer, Ronald John (2000). Sex on the market: Prostitution, Pornography, ?nd t?e Sex Industry. N?w York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-92294-1.